Gas

Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and plasma). A pure gas may be made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), elemental molecules made from one type of atom (e.g. oxygen), or compound molecules made from a variety of atoms (e.g. carbon dioxide). A gas mixture would contain a variety of pure gases much like the air. What distinguishes a gas from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation usually makes a colorless gas invisible to the human observer. The interaction of gas particles in the presence of electric and gravitational fields are considered negligible as indicated by the constant velocity vectors in the image. One type of commonly known gas is steam.

The gaseous state of matter is found between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention. High-density atomic gases super cooled to incredibly low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either a Bose gas or a Fermi gas. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter see list of states of matter.

Gas (musician)

Gas is a music project of Wolfgang Voigt (born 1961), a Cologne, Germany-based electronic musician. Voigt cites his youthful LSD experiences in the Königsforst, a German forest situated near his hometown of Köln, as the inspiration behind his work under the name Gas. He has claimed that the intention of the project is to "bring the forest to the disco, or vice-versa".

Aliases and projects

Voigt is known for his numerous, nearly inexhaustible list of one-off projects and aliases. Of these, his best known is arguably Gas, a project that saw the marriage of ambient music and 4/4 techno.

Other names under which Voigt has released music include, but are not limited to, All, Auftrieb, Brom, C.K. Decker, Centrifugal Force, Crocker, Dextro NRG, Dieter Gorny, Digital, Dom, Doppel, Filter, Freiland, Fuchsbau, Gelb, Grungerman, Kafkatrax, Love Inc., M:I:5, Mike Ink, Mint, Panthel, Popacid, Riss, RX7, Split Inc., Strass, Studio 1, Tal, Vinyl Countdown, W.V., Wassermann, and X-Lvis.

Characteristics

Gas (1981 film)

(not to be confused with a similar sounding 1970 film Gas-s-s-s)

Gas is a 1981 Canadian comedy film released by Paramount Pictures, the plot of which was inspired by the 1979 energy crisis.

Plot summary

A small Midwestern town is thrown into chaos when the local oil tycoon (Sterling Hayden) orchestrates a phony oil shortage in order to increase profits. A news reporter (Susan Anspach) tries to uncover the plot, and a radio DJ in a helicopter (Donald Sutherland) reports on the craziness caused by the gasoline shortage.

Cast

Shoes (Kelly song)

"Shoes" is the debut single by comedian Liam Kyle Sullivan, under his female Kelly character. It was released for digital download sometime in 2006, but it is unknown when. The song has become popular in pop culture, and has been performed live many times. It also made Sullivan an icon in pop culture. Kelly appears in VH1's I Hate My 30's, as well as being in Weezer's video for "Pork and Beans". The song also won the 2008 People's Choice Award for "Best User Generated Video". It is also Kelly's biggest hit to date.

Music video

The music video was released along with the song on Liam Kyle Sullivan's official YouTube account. The song became an instant hit on the internet, and has been viewed over 57,000,000 times on Sullivan's YouTube account alone.

The video starts out with Kelly (Sullivan), along with her mother (Pam Cook), father (Sullivan), and twin brother (Sullivan). It is the twins' birthday, and they are about to open their presents. Her brother goes first, and gets a new computer and a car. Kelly's present turns out to be a large, purple stuffed dinosaur with a goofy grin. After arguing with the family for a few moments, Kelly turns to leave. When asked where she's going, she replies "I'm going to get what I want." Her father, obviously knowing what that is, says, "Christ". After this, the video consist of Kelly singing the song while going to various shoe stores with her friends. At four shoe stores, the clerks tells Kelly she has too many shoes, to whom she pushes one of them down and steps on his face. There are also scenes in which she is singing with a microphone. The video shows a party going on outside and scenes of two girls dancing with a ring of fire. At the end, the girl with the ring of fire blows it out.

Shoes (GUI toolkit)

Shoes is a GUI toolkit based on the Ruby programming language. It was originally developed by why the lucky stiff, and others are carrying on with it after his disappearance. Shoes runs on Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X and Linux (GTK+), using the underlying technologies of Cairo and Pango.

Shoes' philosophy is one of simplicity. It's designed to make applications as easy as possible. Here's an example Shoes app:

Shoes is not just for standard windowing widgets. It also has basic graphics primitives, letting developers draw lines, circles, and even physics (via Chipmunk).

Releases

Current release is version 3.2. Shoes 4 is going to be a major re-write. It'll move to an all-Ruby code base, using the Ruby bindings to the windowing libraries, rather than the C ones.

External links

Shoes (American band)

Shoes is an American power pop band, formed in Zion, Illinois, in 1974 by brothers John and Jeff Murphy, and Gary Klebe and incorporating several different drummers over the years including Skip Meyer, Barry Shumaker, Ric Menck, John Richardson, and Jeff Hunter.

Shoes also formed their own record label, Black Vinyl Records, and owned and operated their own commercial recording studio (Short Order Recorder) from 1983 to 2004. Many artists recorded at the studio and some went on to sign major label recording contracts, including Local H and Material Issue.

History

1970s

The Murphy brothers and Klebe were high school friends and decided to form a band following graduation. At the time none of the members knew how to play an instrument so each member picked an instrument to learn and promised to reunite within one year. Within the first year the three got back together to rehearse and eventually record their first album.

In 1977 Shoes recorded the album Black Vinyl Shoes in Jeff Murphy's living room and pressed 1,000 copies on their own label, Black Vinyl Records. The album was sold at local record stores and by mail order through Bomp! magazine. Shoes then released a single "Tomorrow Night" on Bomp! Records in June 1978. Soon after that Black Vinyl Shoes was licensed to PVC Records which released the album in November 1978. The group signed to Elektra Records in April 1979 and released their first major label album, Present Tense, that September. The album peaked at number 50 on the Billboard 200 and yielded the minor hit single "Too Late" which reached number 75 on the Billboard Hot 100.